Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 89194 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-3-2530 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Effect of Biologically Active Substances on Thermal and Oxidative Stress in Caenorhabditis elegans Models Влияние биологически активных веществ на тепловой и окислительный стресс модельных объектов Caenorhabditis elegans https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-8521 Фролова Анна Сергеевна Frolova Anna S. frolova.anna.s@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-562X Милентьева Ирина Сергеевна Milentyeva Irina S. irazumnikova@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-4411 Федорова Анастасия Михайловна Fedorova Anastasiya M. anastasija.fedorova-af2014@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7538-8076 Миллер Екатерина Сергеевна Miller Ekaterina S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9293-4377 Лузянин Сергей Леонидович Luzyanin Sergey L. Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation 02 10 2024 02 10 2024 54 3 571 584 26 06 2024 03 09 2024 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22856/22838/

Большой проблемой современной медицины является предотвращение заболеваний, связанных со старением. Окислительный стресс организма приводит к развитию и прогрессированию различных заболеваний. Активные формы кислорода играют важную роль в осуществлении жизненно важных физиологических процессов. Повышенный уровень активных форм кислорода приводит к стрессу и патологии, но их пониженный уровень способствует нормальному физиологическому состоянию. Исследования адаптогенов растительного происхождения показали многообещающие результаты в отношении стрессоустойчивости и улучшения гомеостаза. С фармакологической точки зрения растительное сырье является подходящим источником химических соединений для лечения различных заболеваний, в том числе вызванных окислительным стрессом. Объектами исследования являлись биологически активные вещества, выделенные из экстрактов каллусных, суспензионных и корневых культур лекарственных растений: байкалин и транс-коричная кислота из Scutellaria baicalensis; урсоловая кислота из Thymus vulgaris. Провели оценку нейропротекторной активности биологически активных веществ. Изучили их влияние на экспрессию SOD-3 и HSP-16.2, на накопление карбонилированных белков в организме Caenorhabditis elegans. Проанализировали накопление липофусцина в C. elegans в присутствии данных биологически активных веществ. Нейропротекторная активность всех исследованных биологически активных веществ падала с уменьшением их концентрации от 200 до 10 мкмоль/л. C. elegans в большей степени устойчивы к температурному стрессу после предварительной обработки биологически активными веществами. Нематоды более активно экспрессировали SOD-3, по сравнению с HSP-16.2, в ответ на температурный стресс. Биологически активные вещества продемонстрировали снижение уровня карбонилированных белков при концентрациях 100 мкмоль/л. Наибольшее влияние на снижение уровня карбонилирования белков оказала урсоловая кислота. Наиболее эффективным в ингибировании накопления липофусцина оказалась урсоловая кислота в диапазоне всех испытанных концентраций. Результаты свидетельствуют о том, что изученные биологически активные вещества способствуют снижению окислительного и теплового стресса. Поэтому целесообразно дальнейшее изучение свойств данных биоактивных соединений для использования в адаптогенных препаратах.

Modern medicine strives to prevent age-related diseases. Oxidative stress is associated with development and progression of various diseases. Reactive oxygen species are part of vital physiological processes. High levels of reactive oxygen lead to stress and pathology whereas low ones are associated with healthy physiology. Plant-derived adaptogens demonstrate good results in stress tolerance and homeostasis. Plant materials are a pharmacologically optimal source of chemical compounds to treat various diseases, including those caused by oxidative stress. The research featured biologically active substances isolated from extracts of callus, suspension, and root cultures of medicinal plants. Baicalin and trans-cinnamic acid were obtained from Scutellaria baicalensis while ursolic acid came from Thymus vulgaris. The biologically active substances were tested for neuroprotective properties, as well as for the impact on the expression of SOD-3 and HSP-16.2. Caenorhabditis elegans served as a model to study the accumulation of carbonylated proteins and lipofuscin. The neuroprotective activity of all tested substances decreased as their concentration fell from 200 to 10 μmol/L. C. elegans proved more resistant to thermal stress if pretreated with the biologically active substances. In response to thermal stress, nematodes expressed SOD-3 more actively than HSP-16.2. At 100 μmol/L, the biologically active substances could reduce the level of carbonylated proteins. Ursolic acid was especially effective against protein carbonylation and lipofuscin accumulation in all concentrations. Baicalin, trans-cinnamic acid, and ursolic acid made it possible to reduce oxidative and thermal stress, thus demonstrating good prospects for further studies as part of adaptogenic prepa rations.

 Биологически активные вещества растительное сырье Caenorhabditis elegans тепловой стресс окислительный стресс байкалин транс-коричная кислота урсоловая кислота Biologically active substances Caenorhabditis elegans thermal stress oxidative stress baicalin trans-cinnamic acid ursolic acid Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Разработка биологически активных добавок, состоящих из метаболитов растительных объектов in vitro, для защиты населения от преждевременного старения» (проект FZSR-2024-0008) с использованием оборудования ЦКП «Инструментальные методы анализа в области прикладной биотехнологии» на базе КемГУ . The research was part of State Assignment FZSR-2024-0008: Biologically active additives with plant metabolites against premature aging: in vitro studies. The experiments were conducted on the premises of the Applied Biotechnology Center for Collective Use, Kemerovo State University.

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