Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences Вестник Кемеровского государственного университета. Серия: Политические, социологические и экономические науки 2500-3372 2542-1190 47324 10.21603/2500-3372-2021-6-3-339-346 СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ SOCIOLOGICAL SCIENCES СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ Motivation of Olympic Volunteers in Russia and China Мотивация олимпийских волонтеров в России и Китае Сухарькова Марина Петровна Suhar'kova Marina Petrovna marina_116@bk.ru Национальный исследовательскийо Университет «Высшая школа экономики» Москва Россия National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow Russian Federation 6 3 339 346 23 06 2021 13 09 2021 https://vestnik-hss.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/47324/view

Цель – изучить основания мотивации волонтеров Олимпийских и Паралимпийских игр 2014 и 2022 гг. в России и Китае. Такие крупные спортивные мероприятия, как Олимпийские игры, интересуют общественность по всему миру, их число растет. Для привлечения наибольшего числа добровольцев к организации и проведению мероприятий необходимо обладать детальной информацией о причинах, побуждающих людей принимать участие в волонтерской деятельности. В работе обобщен опыт исследования мотивации волонтеров разных направлений, представлены особенности олимпийских волонтерских программ России и Китая. Российская программа по работе с олимпийскими волонтерами – первая комплексная программа по обучению и подготовке волонтеров, проводившаяся при государственной поддержке на базе образовательных учреждений и некоммерческих организаций, при участии коммерческих организаций. В Китае реализуется вторая олимпийская волонтерская программа при основной роли государственных организаций. Олимпийское волонтерское сообщество имеет международный масштаб, поэтому особой ценностью обладают исследования волонтеров из разных стран. В российской литературе существуют исследования мотивации волонтеров крупных спортивных событий, но нет межстрановых сравнений волонтеров разных мероприятий. Эмпирической базой исследования был онлайн-опрос олимпийских волонтеров. Определено, что китайские волонтеры замотивированы ценностными и защитными основаниями, в то время как российские чаще выбирают доступ к необходимой информации и профессиональные возможности, предоставляемые им олимпийским волонтерством. Результаты могут использоваться для разработки программ по работе с волонтерами, повышения эффективности этих программ и вовлечения большего числа людей в волонтерскую деятельность. Полученные данные могут стать базой для будущих исследований олимпийского волонтерского сообщества, например, по отношению к волонтерам разных направлений и мероприятий разного масштаба во временной и межстрановой перспективе.

The research objective was to study the motivation of Russian and Chinese volunteers at the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2014 and 2022. Mega-sport events attract public attention worldwide and require a lot of volunteers. Based on the international scope of Olympic volunteer community, a cross-country analysis of volunteering experience is a relevant topic. The Russian program for training of Olympic volunteers was the first of its kind. It was funded by the state on the basis of educational institutions, non-profit and commercial organizations. China is currently developing its own Olympic volunteer program, which relies mainly on government organizations. The study relied on an online survey of Olympic volunteers. Chinese volunteers appeared to have been motivated by value and defensive reasons, while Russian volunteers were attracted by the informational and professional opportunities that Olympic volunteering has to offer. The research results can help to develop volunteer programs, as well as to improve their effectiveness and popularity.

 волонтерская деятельность волонтерское движение спортивное волонтерство международное олимпийское движение Олимпийские игры 2014 Олимпийские игры 2022 Паралимпийские игры volunteer activities volunteer movement sports volunteering the international Olympic movement Olympic Games 2014 Olympic Games 2022 Paralympic Games

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